Trigger Finger
Description
Trigger Finger is a condition described as the inability of the two flexor tendons of the finger ( flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus) to slide smoothly under the A1 pulley. Resulting in increased tension to force the tendon to slide, a sudden jerk follows as the flexor tendon nodule pulls through the pulley (triggering). Triggering can occur with either motions of flexion or extension of the finger. The common places for trigger finger to occur are in the thumb, middle finger, or ring finger. Trigger finger is more common in people in their 40's and 50's. Trigger finger is more common in women than men.
Causes of trigger finger can be due to many different things. One of the mechanisms of injury can be from repetitive movements, where the tendon develops a nodule and gets swollen. From there the tendon gets stuck with finger motions and causes pain. This condition may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis or those with diabetes.
Causes of trigger finger can be due to many different things. One of the mechanisms of injury can be from repetitive movements, where the tendon develops a nodule and gets swollen. From there the tendon gets stuck with finger motions and causes pain. This condition may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis or those with diabetes.
Signs & Symptoms
- Clicking and popping of the finger
- Pain that may radiate to the palm or to the finger
- Thickening at the base of the finger
Diagnostic Tests
- The flexor tendon will be sensitive to palpation in the A1 area. Any test to provocate these symptoms will give a sign of the possibility of a trigger finger. Have the individual can make a full fist and then actively extend all fingers. By having the individual fully extend all fingers, the individual cannot avoid the trigger finger. If he or she only partially extends the fingers, the individual can avoid the trigger finger.
- The clinician can check for swelling and pain at the base of the finger as you open and close your hand.
PT Implications
- Educate patient to stop the repetitive motion that is causing the tendon to get stuck, otherwise it will make the symptoms worst
- To prevent the finger from becoming locked, Immobilize the finger in a splint or tape it to an adjacent finger at night
- Ice and NSAIDS can help alleviate the pain
[Trigger Finger resources listed under References section]